The 1943-S bronze Lincoln cent stands as an extraordinary artifact in the history of American coinage. Its unique origin, combined with its rarity and immense value, has captured the fascination of coin collectors and historians alike. Known for its intriguing story and a record sale price of $504,000, this coin is a remarkable piece of numismatic heritage.
Historical Context: The Effects of World War II on U.S. Coinage
World War II significantly impacted the production of U.S. coins, especially due to the heightened demand for copper, a critical material for the war effort. Copper was extensively used in the manufacturing of ammunition and communication equipment, prompting the U.S. Treasury to conserve this metal. Consequently, the Treasury directed that the 1943 Lincoln cents be minted using zinc-coated steel planchets instead of the traditional bronze composition.
The U.S. Mint collectively produced over one billion steel cents in 1943, with the San Francisco Mint contributing more than 191 million coins. However, a critical oversight occurred—some bronze planchets, leftover from 1942 production, remained in the Mint’s equipment. These were mistakenly fed into the coin presses and struck with 1943-dated dies, resulting in the accidental creation of the 1943-S bronze cents.
The Discovery of the 1943-S Bronze Lincoln Cent
The unveiling of the 1943-S bronze Lincoln Cent is steeped in mystery and folklore. Early on, rumors spread that finding one of these rare “copper” cents could earn someone a brand-new car from Henry Ford—a claim that was later denied by the Ford Motor Company. These tales ignited a nationwide treasure hunt as collectors eagerly examined their coin rolls in pursuit of the elusive cent.
The first verified discovery of a 1943-S bronze cent occurred in 1944 when a teenage collector named Kenneth Wing, Jr., from Long Beach, California, found one in circulation. This discovery marked the beginning of the coin’s legendary status in the numismatic community. Over the decades, this particular coin has changed ownership several times and is now part of the prestigious Simpson Collection.
A Coin of Remarkable Value
The 1943-S bronze Lincoln cent is not only a historical artifact but also an exceptionally rare and valuable coin. With only six authenticated examples known to exist, it is one of the rarest coins in the world. Among these, a specimen graded MS63 Brown by PCGS and verified by CAC is regarded as the finest known. This coin is a centerpiece of the Simpson Collection and boasts a history of high-profile sales.
In 2012, prominent numismatist Bob Simpson purchased this coin for a record-breaking $1 million in a private transaction. The coin’s exceptional quality, characterized by its sharp design details and hints of its original red coloration, enhances its appeal to collectors. It now holds a distinguished place in Simpson’s All-Time Finest PCGS Registry Set of Lincoln Cents Off-Metal Strikes.
Distinctive Features of the 1943-S Bronze Lincoln Cent
What makes the 1943-S bronze Lincoln Cent so unique is its exceptional physical characteristics. On the obverse, the coin exhibits finely detailed designs, particularly in Lincoln’s hair and the wheat stalks. Its surface features a light brown and crimson patina, with remnants of the original red color still visible in recessed areas. Additionally, a small trace of zinc, attributed to the steel planchets accidentally mixed with the bronze, further underscores the coin’s distinctiveness.
This coin has earned a place among the 100 Greatest U.S. Error Coins and is prominently featured on PCGS CoinFacts, solidifying its reputation as one of the most celebrated error coins in U.S. numismatic history.
Other Notable 1943-S Bronze Cents
While the MS63 Brown example is the most renowned, other authenticated 1943-S bronze cents also boast remarkable histories and values. Below is a summary of some notable specimens:
| Grade | Ownership/History | Sale Price |
|---|---|---|
| AU58 PCGS | Previously owned by Dave Berg; purchased by Bob Simpson. | Sold for $1 million in 2012. |
| AU55 PCGS Secure | Known for auction success. | Sold for $211,500. |
| AU55 NGC | Listed on the NGC Census Report. | Auction details vary. |
| AU53 NGC | Discovered by Kenneth S. Wing Jr. | Sold for $173,000-$228,000. |
| VF35 PCGS | Dubbed the “King of the Small Cents.” | Sold for $51,750-$207,000. |
Each of these coins tells a unique story and reinforces the exceptional value of the 1943-S bronze Lincoln cent.
The Enduring Appeal of the 1943-S Bronze Lincoln Cent
The 1943-S bronze Lincoln cent remains a pinnacle of American numismatics. Its accidental creation during a time of global conflict, coupled with its rarity and the myths surrounding its discovery, has secured its legendary status. With only six verified examples in existence, this coin continues to symbolize the enduring allure of rare and valuable coins, captivating collectors and enthusiasts for generations to come.
FAQs
Why is the 1943-S bronze Lincoln cent so rare?
The rarity of the 1943-S bronze cent stems from a minting error where leftover bronze planchets from 1942 were mistakenly used during 1943, a year when cents were supposed to be struck on steel planchets.
How many 1943-S bronze cents are known to exist?
There are only six verified examples of the 1943-S bronze Lincoln cent, making it one of the rarest coins in the world.
What is the highest recorded price for a 1943-S bronze Lincoln cent?
The highest recorded price is $1 million, paid by Bob Simpson in 2012 for the finest-known MS63 Brown example.
